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  Properties
Category PFM
Nobility High Noble
Melting Range 2110°F to 2280°F
1155°C to 1250°C
Coef. of Thermal Expansion
   from 25°C to 500°C
   from 25°C to 600°C
14.2
14.6
Density 15.4 g/cm3
After Porcelain Firing * :  
Hardness 240 HV
Tensile Elongation 11%
Tensile Yield Strength 79,700 psi / 550 MPa
Ultimate Tensile Strength 98,500 psi / 680 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity 17.2x106 psi / 118,000 MPa
* Test methods conform to ISO Standard 9693 and ANSI/ADA 38
Chemistry
Gold 68% Palladium 22%
Silver 3.0% Platinum 0%
Indium 7% Ruthenium less than 1%
Rhenium less than 1%    

Waxing / Spruing

 0.3mm for single units and 0.5mm for bridgework.
Investment
 A phosphate-bonded high heat investment with or without carbon.
Burnout
 1400°F (760°C)
Melting / Casting
 Wind the casting arm one more time than normal (3-4 winds). Multi-orifice torch: 10 psi fuel and 20 psi oxygen (0.7 bars fuel and 1.4 bars oxygen). Heat until cloudy surface clears before releasing the casting arm. DO NOT OVERHEAT. DO NOT USE CASTING FLUX. Casting temperature ~2400ºF (1315ºC).
Finishing
 Finish with aluminum oxide stones. Blast porcelain receiving surfaces with non-recycled aluminum oxide. Clean in ultrasonic for 10 minutes.
Conditioning
 (Degassing, Oxidation)
Oxidize at 1800°F (980°C) in air. Hold for 5 minutes. Bench cool. Proceed with normal opaque technique.
Pre-solder
 Recommended solder: P-80
Flux-Brown Fluoride
Post-solder
 Recommended solder: 1400
Flux-Brown Fluoride