Properties	Category PFM Nobility Noble Melting Range 2050°F to 2375°F Coef. of Thermal Expansion    from 25°C to 500°C    from 25°C to 600°C 13.8x10-6K-1 14.1x10-6K-1 Density 10.9 g/cm3 Grain Size 15 microns Hardness 250 HV Tensile Elongation 30% Tensile Yield Strength 79,200 psi Ultimate Tensile Strength 114,000 psi Modulus of Elasticity 13.7x106 psi
	Chemistry	Palladium 75% Silver 7% Gold 6% Indium 6% Gallium 6% Ruthenium less than 1% Rhenium less than 1%
	Waxing / Spruing	.3mm for single units and .5mm for bridge work.
	Investment	Use a phosphate-bonded, carbon free investment.
	Burnout	1450°F (790°C)
	Melting / Casting	One extra wind of the casting arm is required (3-4 winds typical) Multi-orifice torch: 10 psi fuel and 20 psi oxygen. Cast at around 2475°F (1355°C)
	Finishing	Finish with carbides or aluminum oxide stones. Blast porcelain receiving surface with non-recycled aluminum oxide. Clean in ultrasonic for 10 minutes.
	Conditioning	Oxidize from 1200°F (650°C) to 1850°F (1010°C) under vacuum. Hold for 5 minutes under vacuum. Proceed with normal opaque technique.
	Pre-solder	Recommended solder: Spirit, LX Flux-Brown Fluoride
	Post-solder	Recommended solder: 1400 Flux-Brown Fluoride