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  Properties
Category PFM
Nobility High Noble
Melting Range 2120°F to 2300°F
Coef. of Thermal Expansion
   from 25°C to 500°C
   from 25°C to 600°C

14.2x10-6K-1
14.5x10-6K-1
Density 13.05 g/cm3
Grain Size 25 microns
Hardness 255 HV
Tensile Elongation 20%
Tensile Yield Strength 78,230 psi
Ultimate Tensile Strength 110,230 psi
Modulus of Elasticity 12.3x106 psi
Chemistry
Gold 40% Palladium 40%
Silver 9% Indium 6%
Zinc 3% Tin 2%
Ruthenium less than 1%    

Waxing / Spruing

.3mm for single units and .5mm for bridge work.
Investment
A phosphate-bonded investment with or without carbon.
Burnout
1550°F (843°C)
Melting / Casting
One extra wind of the casting arm is required (2-3 winds typical)
Multi-orifice torch: 10 psi fuel and 20 psi oxygen.
Cast at around 2400°F (1315°C)
Finishing
Finish with carbides or aluminum oxide stones. Blast porcelain receiving surface with non-recycled aluminum oxide. Clean in ultrasonic for 10 minutes.
Conditioning
800°F (500°C) to 1800°F (980°C) under vacuum with no hold time. The oxide should have a neutral gray color. Please Note: Conditioning in air can form a green oxide. If this occurs, sand blast the metal, ultrasonic clean and re-oxidize under vacuum.
Pre-solder
Recommended solder: PWS, LX
Flux-Brown Fluoride
Post-solder
Recommended solder: 1400
Flux-Brown Fluoride